Health officials have issued urgent air quality warnings along the U.S. southern border as hazardous conditions spread across parts of Texas and New Mexico. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) raised its highest alert level for a roughly 150-mile stretch of land, citing air pollution that poses risks to both healthy individuals and those with underlying medical conditions. Residents in affected areas, including El Paso, Texas, and nearby communities in New Mexico, have been advised to remain indoors, keep windows closed, and limit outdoor activity until conditions improve.
According to air quality monitoring systems, the region’s Air Quality Index (AQI) reached levels near 290, which falls into the “very unhealthy” to “hazardous” category. On the AQI scale, readings above 200 indicate serious health concerns for everyone, not just vulnerable groups. Officials say the spike is largely driven by high concentrations of PM10—tiny particles of dust, smoke, and debris that measure less than 10 micrometers in diameter. These particles can travel deep into the lungs when inhaled and may aggravate respiratory conditions such as asthma, as well as increase the risk of heart-related complications with prolonged exposure.
The National Weather Service (NWS) has also issued blowing dust advisories and high wind warnings across the region. Strong gusts, in some areas exceeding 75 miles per hour, are contributing to reduced visibility and the spread of airborne dust. Authorities caution drivers to exercise extreme care, particularly if visibility drops suddenly. If caught in heavy dust on the road, motorists are advised to pull off safely, turn off vehicle lights, and wait until conditions stabilize. In addition, Red Flag Warnings have been posted across parts of the Southwest, signaling an elevated risk of wildfires due to dry conditions and strong winds.
Approximately one million residents live in the greater El Paso metropolitan area alone, and many are now taking precautions. Public health guidance includes avoiding strenuous outdoor exercise, using air purifiers indoors, and wearing protective masks if going outside is unavoidable. Experts note that air quality alerts are often triggered by stagnant air that traps pollutants, but in this case, powerful winds are lifting large amounts of dust and particulate matter into the atmosphere. Officials continue to monitor conditions closely and encourage the public to stay informed through trusted weather and air quality updates.
